Qualifications to Become a Member of the Roman Senate

Capabilities to Become a Member of the Roman Senate In verifiable fiction individuals from the Roman Senate or youngsters who avoid their metro obligations however who are senatorial material are rich. Did they need to be? Were there property or different capabilities to turn into an individual from the Roman Senate? The response to this inquiry is one that I have to rehash all the more regularly: Ancient Roman history crossed two centuries and over that time, things changed. A few present day verifiable fiction secret journalists, similar to David Wishart, are managing the early piece of the Imperial Period, known as the Principate. Property Requirements Augustus organized a property prerequisite for congresspersons. The whole he set it at was, from the outset, 400,000 sesterces, however then he raised the prerequisite to 1,200,000 sesterces. Men who required assistance meeting this prerequisite were as of now given awards. Should they botch their assets, they were relied upon to step down. Preceding Augustus, be that as it may, the choice of legislators was in the hands of the blue pencils and before the foundation of the workplace of edit, choice was by the individuals, lords, delegates, or consular tribunes. The legislators chose were from the affluent, and for the most part from the individuals who had just held a situation as judge. In the time of the Roman Republic, there were 300 representatives, yet then Sulla expanded their number to 600. In spite of the fact that the clans chose the first men to fill the additional positions, Sulla expanded the magistracies so there would be ex-justices later on to warm the senate seats. Number of Senators When there was an overflow, blue pencils cut the overabundance. Under Julius Caesar and the triumvirs, the quantity of representatives expanded, however Augustus carried the number down to Sullan levels. By the third century A.D. the number may have arrived at 800-900. Age Requirement Augustus seems to have changed the age at which one could become representative, lessening it from maybe 32 to 25. Roman Senate References Seating Space in the Roman Senate and the Senatores PedariiLily Ross Taylor and Russell T. ScottTransactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association Vol. 100, (1969), pp. 529-582A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, by Sir William SmithA Summary of the Roman Civil Law, by Patrick Mac Chombaich de Colquhoun

Genetically Modified Crops are harmful to the enviorment Essay

Hereditarily Modified Crops are destructive to the enviorment - Essay Example Truly, GMO crops are an obtrusive species and hurtful to the common habitat. Various enemy of GMO innovation activists have come up to censure the utilization of GMO inside the natural condition. The Institute for Responsible Technology (IRT Para. 1-10) has given a one-sided investigation to the utilization of GMO crop in the indigenous habitat debilitating the general population in the agrarian part to keep up a firm ground against the utilization of such yields. One reason why the IRT disheartens the expansion of this innovation is the way that the development of hereditarily designed yields has negative perpetual effects on the earth. For example, when cross fertilization happens, this types of yield will be spread into the earth and will exist there until the end of time. Resultantly, this species will be engendered inside the earth, decreasing the quantity of characteristic yields existing in the regular biological system. The way that GMO crops are unrivaled as far as creation and the quick development rate, it isn't all together for this science to wipe out the normal species inside the earth. In this light, GMO yields will hurt the earth by lessening the quantity of normal plants in presence. The IRT (Para. 3) gives measurable proof to help its contention against the development of GMO crops. Studies directed in the horticulture business somewhere in the range of 1996 and 2009 show that ranchers who develop GMO nourishments have an expanded use of herbicides consistently. The explanation fundamental this reality is that when weed safe yields are created, weeds experience a hereditary change shaping new inexistent weed species. These â€Å"super weeds† are impervious to customary herbicides and request progressively focused types of synthetic substances. In the US, GMO crop cultivators encountered an expansion in the expense of synthetics by about $300 million inside a time of 12 years. This infers the regular soils are concentrated with more synt hetic substances expanding its harmfulness levels. This is in opposition to the advocates of this innovation who contend that the utilization of hereditarily adjusted yields lessens the utilization of herbicides. The quality of IRT on the negative ecological effects of these harvests to nature can be credited to the factual proof that goes with it. A third contention against the utilization of the reception of the hereditary adjustment innovation in the agrarian part is that this innovation is an enemy of bio-decent variety. As indicated by IRT (Para. 4), the expansion of the GMO innovation will hurt the whole bio species and may prompt elimination of even the most imperiled species. The hereditary change innovation utilizes deadly synthetic concoctions that have long haul exceptional effects on the earth. As these synthetics stream to the water bodies during blustery seasons, they will make an extraordinary hazard the fish, creatures of land and water and all water animals in the w ater sources. Similarly, all living species that devour GMO harvests or water species will be at high danger of contamination with untreatable maladies. For example, synthetic substances, for example, roundup that are utilized to create weed safe harvests are carcinogenic and represent the danger of death to individuals. Basically, reception of GMO innovation will place the whole natural framework in peril including the maker of this innovation. Carrington (Para. 1) is among the researchers who have assessed the opposite side of the coin as respects the effect of GMO crops

Questions to Ask a New Therapist

Questions to Ask a New Therapist PTSD Treatment Print Questions to Ask a New Therapist By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 30, 2019 Tom M Johnson/Blend Images/Getty Images More in PTSD Treatment Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions PTSD and the Military Knowing what questions to ask a therapist during your visit can help reduce anxiety. Knowing what to ask can also help you determine whether there could be a good fit between you and your new therapist. Here are some questions that you may want to ask in order to get a better feel for your new therapists background, training, and expertise. Are You Licensed? Therapists are generally required to be licensed by the state in which they practice, or at least be under the supervision of someone licensed. All states have different requirements for licensure; however, being licensed means that the therapist has passed the minimum competency standards for training within that state. Competency is usually achieved by obtaining a certain degree, obtaining a certain number of hours working with clients, and having passed a written and/or oral exam. What Kind of Training Have You Received? Depending on who you are meeting with, the educational background of therapists can differ. For example, your therapist may be a psychiatrist, psychologist or licensed clinical social worker. All of these professions are able to provide therapy; however, the education they received is different. In addition, it would be important to ask the therapist if, as part of his or her education, he or she received training in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). What Is Your Treatment Orientation? Just as the educational background of therapists may differ, so will their orientation. What is meant by the word orientation? Orientation refers to the psychological theory that the therapist draws from in understanding and treating psychological difficulties. For example, some therapists believe that psychological difficulties stem from problems in thinking. This type of therapist would likely have a cognitive behavioral orientation. Others may believe that psychological difficulties stem from our early childhood (particularly, our attachment to caregivers). This type of therapist would be considered to have a psychodynamic orientation. There is no one right orientation. However, a therapists orientation is going to influence how they would go about conceptualizing and treating your PTSD. Ideally, you would want to find a therapist that views your difficulties in a way that makes sense to you. How Many Patients With PTSD Have You Treated? You should ask a therapist if they have had experience in treating PTSD. In addition, it would be important to know how they generally go about treating PTSD. Do they use exposure therapy? Psychodynamic psychotherapy? Is the treatment they use supported by research? There are many treatments for PTSD out there; however, only a few are supported by research. You would want to find someone who is familiar with these treatments and uses them in their practice. What Is Your Expertise or Specialty? Some therapists have received specialized or focused training in one or two disorders. If you are seeking help for your PTSD, you would want to know if the therapist has expertise in trauma, PTSD, or at the very least, anxiety disorders. What Is the Cost per Session? Therapy can be expensive, and therefore, it is important to know from the beginning how much each session is going to cost you. You may also want to ask what kind of insurance is accepted and what your co-pay would be. If you are having trouble affording therapy, you may want to inquire if the therapist has a sliding scale. This means that the therapist has different prices depending on the clients income. Can You Prescribe Medication or Make Referrals for Medication? People differ in their beliefs on the use of medication for psychological difficulties. However, if you are interested in being evaluated for medication, it would be important to meet with a psychiatrist or to ask your therapist if he or she can make a referral to a psychiatrist. Do You Stay Up-to-Date on Research on PTSD? New research  findings on PTSD and its treatment come out almost every day. Therefore, you would want to make sure that your therapist stays up-to-date in their training and familiarity with new research on how best to treat PTSD. Will Therapy Be Time-Limited or Long-term? Some PTSD treatments may be time-limited. That is, they may last only for a certain number or sessions. Other treatments may be more long-term. It would be important to talk with your therapist about whether or not your treatment will be ongoing or will end after your symptoms are reduced to a certain point. Finding the Right Therapist It can be very difficult to find the right therapist for you. Remember, in seeking out a new therapist, you are a consumer, and you should approach the experience as you would making an investment. In many ways, beginning therapy is an investment. It is an investment in both time and money, as well as your future. Therefore, it is important that you find the therapist that is going to work best for you in getting your needs met. This list of questions is not an exhaustive list; however, it should help you start thinking about what kind of therapist you want and what kind of questions you can ask.

Therapies For Autistic Children.Individuals Take For Granted

Therapies for Autistic Children Individuals take for granted the luxury of embodying qualities such as communication, interaction, and social and motor skills. Although, individuals may determine the aforementioned skills are more difficult to obtain because of a disability. Autism or autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that effects many children in the United States of America. Communication, interaction, and motor and social skills are usually effected in the autistic child. According to the Centers for Disease and Control Prevention (CDC), an estimation of prevalence rate for autism spectrum disorder individuals is one in 68 children in the United States of America (CDC, 2016). Early intervention in the form of†¦show more content†¦According to Gabriels, after research that occurred over a ten-week period, it was concluded that school-age children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder that used therapeutic horseback experienced improvements in se lf-regulation behaviors, motor planning, and language (Gabriels, 2012). Children that struggle with holding a conversation, making eye contact, expression, and verbal communication may gain incredible experience by physical communication with horses. Equine therapy is an enjoyable therapy where children with autism skills that are needed to function in society. Music as a therapy Music therapy is a unique approach to addressing the challenges of autism. According to Center, â€Å"music therapy is a health profession in which a music therapist uses music and its facets- physical, emotional, mental, social, aesthetic, and spiritual, to help improve and maintain their health. It is considered an expressive therapy† (Center, 2013). Through the practice of music therapy, an individual can obtain skills such as cognitive function, motor skills, emotional and affective development, behavior and social skills are all benefits that can reap from the practice of music therapy (Center, 2013). Music therapy is a truly unique

Epic Heroes Sir Gawain and Beowulf - 1204 Words

During the Middle Ages, both â€Å"Beowulf† and â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† were epic stories that were chanted aloud to the public. Each story told about epic heroes who went on a long journey to face or conqueror someone or something. â€Å"Beowulf† is a poem about a young man, Beowulf, who slays a monster and his mother with his bare hands to protect the people he loves. As the years go by Beowulf becomes king and a dragon begins to stir. In response to this, Beowulf fights the dragon with a sword and one loyal companion. Beowulf’s life comes to end, but so does the dragons. From this epic poem you can see that good does triumph over evil, but sometimes it comes at a cost. Along with â€Å"Beowulf†, â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† was†¦show more content†¦Nor will I. my lord Higlac might think less of me if I let my sword go where my feet were afraid to, if I hid behind some broad linden shield: my hand alone shall fight for me, struggle for life against the monster. God must decide who will be given to death’s cold grip† (lines 160-175). He believes that if Grendel can fight without a sword; then he should be able to also otherwise he would have an advantage over Grendel. During the poem â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight†, Sir Gawain shows courage by accepting the Green Knights game instead of King Arthur. The game the Green Knight wants to play is one of King Arthur’s Knights have a chance to hit the Green Knights bare neck without him flinching, but in return the Green Knight has a chance to return the blow a year and a day later. When none of the Knights accept the challenge King Arthur decided to play the game himself. King Arthur was about to swing the ax, but Sir Gawain stopped him which is shown in the story, â€Å"Lightly the King leaped down and clutched it (ax) in his hand; and then quickly that other lord alighted on his feet. Arthur lay hold of the ax, he gripped it by the handle and he swung it up over him sternly, as if to strike, the stranger stood before him, in stature higher by a head or more than any man here in the house: sober and thoughtful he stood there and stroked his beard, and with patience like a priest’s he pulled down his collar, noShow MoreRelatedThe Journies of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay803 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf vs. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the worlds of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the journeys of two heroes, Beowulf and Sir Gawain, are depicted through the form of poems. The two stories have become two of the most important works of literature in the English history. In the two poems, both Beowulf and Sir Gawain face great challenges in their journeys as heroes. Beowulf embarks on a quest to defeat Grendel and his mother while Sir Gawain faces many difficulties on hisRead MoreThe Cultural Values And The Archetypal Patterns Of The Novel Hero With A Thousand Faces 1331 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout the world of literature, heroes or protagonists are often characters created by culture. Through these characters, we discover the faults and the virtuous qualities that this time period had to offer. As the heroes make their way through the journey, the reader learns the culture through the character’s actions and mistakes. For instance, in the early Middle Ages, women were seen as inferior and were not put on a pedestal, unlike their deception during the Late Middle Ages after theRead MoreCompare And Contrast Beowulf And Sir Gawain1358 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf and Sir Gawain are both heroes, one is a warrior who becomes a King and the other a Knight in King Arthur’s Court. 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The goal of this essay is to compare and contrast how Beowulf, which was written in the earlyRead MoreEssay about A Comparison of Beowulf and Sir Gawain794 Words   |  4 Pagesof Beowulf and Sir Gawain A hero is someone who is idealized for his courage and noble qualities. Beowulf and Sir Gawain can certainly be called heroes. They both have many qualities that are expected of heroic knights and warriors. They are both brave, gallant, and skilled men, but are they the perfect heroes their people believe them to be? While they are portrayed as perfect heroes and they possess many heroic qualities, Beowulf and Sir Gawain are far from perfect. Beowulf and Gawain areRead MoreHistorical Analysis Of Of Beowulf s Poem, Beowulf, Sir Gawain, King Arthur And Other Legends918 Words   |  4 PagesAnglo-Saxon monsters and takes us on a journey to a time where writers try to tackle modern problems. Along the way we come across characters such as Beowulf, Sir Gawain, King Arthur and other legends who remain a vital part of popular culture. History offers us a variety of heroes and legends that we can read and learn about. The historical poem of Beowulf not only reveals to us the importance cultural values of the warrior society, but also the importance of literature. The warrior culture at thisRead MoreHeroes : The Green Knight And Oedipus1156 Words   |  5 Pagesto status quo. Heroes such as Beowulf, The Green Knight and Oedipus, are all seen as heroes for different reasons. However, these heroes are portrayed as archetypal heroes, meaning that they are models of the first type of heroes. The definition of a modern day hero is â€Å"a person who, in the opinion of others, has special achievements, abilities, or personal qualities and is regarded as a role model or ideal†. The concept of heroism has evolved in Western Culture because modern heroes promote different

Audit Research on Diversity Free Essays

Performing research on one of the top 1 0 companies identified by Diversifying: as a company that demonstrates the business case for diversity, develop a criteria to measure the organization’s diversity initiative against, some thoughtful questions on the epic of diversity that you will research about the company (you can use secondary data to assist you in formulating good questions) and conduct a preliminary literature review for their research of that company. The literature review should include sources (at least 6 in total and 4 of them scholarly) from scholarly and professional journals describing the performance of the organization as it relates to diversity, in addition to the organization’s website that you are researching. The literature review should include a bibliography of sources and a brief paragraph describing the intents of the source. We will write a custom essay sample on Audit Research on Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Part 2 is the final project paper (10 pages) – due (1 1/1 5/13) If you are using one of the Diversifying firms, include in your research the criteria you developed, the questions you researched, the literature you used and the results of your findings. Your report should detail the strengths and weaknesses of the organization’s diversity initiatives. List the criteria (one page), provide some company background/history (one page), evaluate the organization’s efforts in terms of diversity, and make recommendations for improvement. Findings should include: The criteria you used for managing diversity in an organization. You can use secondary research to assist you. If you performed research on one of the top 10 business case for diversity, include a literature review of your research on that company. The literature review should include sources from scholarly and professional journals describing the performance of the organization as it relates to diversity, in addition to the organization’s website that you are researching. The literature review should include a bibliography Of sources ND a brief paragraph describing the contents of the source. Include the list of the thoughtful questions regarding diversity used in the research. Indicate what the company newsletters, value statements, and so forth are. If you are using the Diversifying firms, include these in your research as well as any websites you visited in your research. Evaluate whatnot have learned about the company in terms of diversity, comparing it against the criteria you established. Be sure to pay attention to subtle cues (I. E. Is there evidence that they really do what they say they do). For example, a manager proudly pointed out that his large retail organization hired physically challenged workers. However, they were all assigned to work in the stockroom, where they were never seen by any customers. Or a company who is recognized for their hiring of the disabled, have no disabled employees Visible on their website. Feel free to add additional criteria that you did not think of after the interview/visit or research was completed. Findings: Evaluate what you have learned about the company in terms of diversity, comparing it against the arterial you established. Be sure to pay attention to subtle cues (I. . Is there evidence that they really do what they say they do). For example, a manager proudly pointed out that his large retail organization hired physically challenged workers. However, they were all assigned to work in the stockroom, where they were never seen by any customers. Feel free to add additional criteria that you did not think of after the interview/visit. Prepare a 7-10 page paper which explains your findings in detail. The paper should be ere from spelling and gram matical errors. Make sure you cite all written web sources, journal articles and interviews in a bibliography, and contain exhibits, such as copies of the organizational value statements or company newsletters, if appropriate. To summarize, your report should detail the strengths and weaknesses of the organization’s diversity initiatives. List the criteria (one page), provide some company background/history (one page), evaluate the organization’s efforts in terms of diversity, and make recommendations for improvement. How to cite Audit Research on Diversity, Essays

George knew Lennie from his Aunt Clara Essay Example

George knew Lennie from his Aunt Clara Paper A beautiful Californian morning, the sun shone across the dry plains and mountains like a sheet of gold beaming down on the crop of weed. Miles into the distance lie the misty desert like mountains of Klamath and Siskyou to the west and north-west , the sun behind them casting a shadow over the southern landscape. Slightly east of a ranch located in weed where their were hard labourers at work was a magical looking pool, and a king of crystal reflection, a gleaming whiteness shining on the shrubs that lay across it. There was a calming breeze against the dry old trees brushing the crisp feather like leaves flying like tumbleweed in the wind. A winding road lead of the lush colour of orchards, orange trees, vineyards, peaches and apricots. To the right of the road stood tall a giant orange tree with wild rabbits springing up and down around it, a truly beautiful sight, the vibrant colour in the distance waking you up making you want to run out and meet it. A local ranch in northern California, north of San Francisco called Weed was the next monotonous stop for George Milton and Lennie Small, these companions were very much the most unlikely pair of characters you could ever come across, George wore simple jeans a dirty old short sleeved shirt and a jacket unbuttoned as always, he was a prominent character, a strong willed and confident man who took control of any situation and never got in trouble, although his size never reflected his social ability and prowess only being a short guy, he was a strong minded individual with a positive attitude to life but was stuck at square one in life working as a ranch worker. We will write a custom essay sample on George knew Lennie from his Aunt Clara specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on George knew Lennie from his Aunt Clara specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on George knew Lennie from his Aunt Clara specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lennie is the quite opposite of George , Lennie is a slow character who travelled with George and was his working buddy, he relied on George for almost everything, it takes a long time before you can get things into Lennies head, hes a large man as strong as a bull, much bigger than the average man and 5 times as strong, most of the time Lennie didnt realise how strong he really is. Lennie was as gentle as a butterfly and a kind man who never means any harm to anybody, Lennie loves animals, especially rabbits, he often asks George to tell him about his favourite dream about living off the fatta lan with Lennie tending the rabbits and making a living with their own crops and enjoying life, Lennie loved this story and saw it as his dream and George always told him it because it gave Lennie a buzz and a kick. Lennie and George were born in Auborn, George knew Lennie from his Aunt Clara, who took Lennie when he was a baby and raised him, but unfortunately she died and George took him under his wing and took him to work the ranches with him, they got used to each other and after a while they grew good friends. Lennie and George work at the desert countryside ranch of weed, working as skinners, grain bag rustlers, cultivator drivers and crop scithers. They both ended up in Weed because it was their next working stop, they had just come from the Shasta ranch which lay east about 30 miles away from Weed, they couldnt wait to get out of Shasta, they had been miserable there because the weather had been grey and dismal for their whole two week stay and people didnt find a liking to them well. Lennie and George were both eager to work at Weed because Lennie had gotten George in trouble with the boss back at Shasta for the simple reason that Lennie was too shy to talk to the man because he didnt look nice and had a mean look on his face. They arrived in Weed and they stayed in a very old ranch house filled with rugged wooden furniture and simple one cover beds. George dropped his bags down off his shoulders and turned and looked at Lennie and said, Well Lennie here we are again. Lennie glared at George, Wha what do you mean George I mean were back at another stupid ranch doing the same old stupid job. George said with a sigh. Lennie and George were arranging their things when a man walked in, he was a tall standing Negro with broad shoulders and cut arms, he came in to see the new boys, he said his name was Jackson , he was explaining the life on the ranch to Lennie and George, mostly about how unhappy life is for him at the ranch because no one speaks to him, Jackson took a liking in these two straight away, he talked to them for a while mostly bragging about how hard he works, George was quick to jump in and say, lennie sure is a hard worker too, jus give im a pack o sacks and he move them all day. Jackson looked at Lennie up and down and didnt feel intimidated, he stared at Lennie in the eyes longingly, Lennie caught contact with Jackson and immediately Lennie looked to the floor, Jackson laughed and made his way to the door, the sun pierced into the room like a red carpet, Jackson stopped holding the door open and said, There she is. Theres who?

Biography of René Magritte, Belgian Surrealist

Biography of Renà © Magritte, Belgian Surrealist Renà ©Ã‚  Magritte  (1898-1967)  was a famous 20th-century Belgian artist known for his unique  surrealist works. Surrealists  explored the human condition through unrealistic imagery that often came from dreams and the subconscious. Magrittes imagery came from the real world but he used it in unexpected ways. His goal as an artist was  to challenge the viewers assumptions by using odd and surprising juxtapositions of familiar objects such as bowler hats, pipes, and floating rocks. He changed the scale of some objects, he deliberately excluded others, and he played with words and meaning. One of his most famous paintings, The Treachery of Images (1929), is a painting of a pipe below which is written Ceci nest pas une pipe.   (English translation: This is not a pipe.)   Magritte died August 15, 1967 in  Schaerbeek, Brussels, Belgium, of pancreatic cancer. He was buried in  Schaarbeek Cemetery. Early Life and Training Renà © Franà §ois Ghislain Magritte (pronounced mag ·reet) was born November 21, 1898, in Lessines, Hainaut, Belgium. He was the eldest of three sons born to Là ©opold (1870-1928) and Rà ©gina (nà ©e Bertinchamps; 1871-1912) Magritte. Aside from a few facts, almost nothing is known of Magrittes childhood. We know that the familys financial status was comfortable because of Là ©opold, ostensibly a tailor, made handsome profits from his investments in edible oils and bouillon cubes. We also know that young Renà © sketched and painted early on, and began taking formal lessons in drawing in 1910 - the same year that he produced his first  oil painting. Anecdotally, he was said to be a lackluster student in school. The artist himself had little to say about his childhood beyond a few vivid memories that shaped his way of seeing. Perhaps this relative silence about his early life was born when his mother committed suicide in 1912. Rà ©gina had been suffering from depression for an undocumented number of years and was so badly affected that she was usually kept in a locked room. On the night she escaped, she immediately went to the nearest bridge and threw herself into the River Sambre that flowed behind the Magrittes property. Rà ©gina was missing for days before her body was discovered a mile or so downriver. Legend has it that Rà ©ginas nightgown had wrapped itself around her head by the time her corpse was recovered, and an acquaintance of Renà ©s later started the story that he was present when his mother was pulled from the river. He was certainly not there. The only public comment he ever made on the subject was that hed felt guiltily happy to be the focal point of sensation and sympathy, both at school and in his neighborhood. However, veils, curtains, faceless people, and headless faces and torsos  did  become recurring themes in his paintings. In 1916, Magritte enrolled in the  Academie des Beaux-Arts  in Brussels seeking inspiration and a safe distance from the WWI German invasion. He found none of the former but one of his classmates at the Academie introduced him to  cubism, futurism, and purism, three movements he found exciting and which significantly changed the style of his work. Career Magritte  emerged from the  Academie  qualified to do commercial art. After a compulsory year of service in the military in 1921, Magritte returned home and found work as a draughtsman in a wallpaper factory, and worked freelance in advertising to pay the bills while he continued to paint. During this time he saw a painting  by the Italian surrealist  Giorgio de Chirico, called  The Song of Love, which greatly influenced his own art. Magritte created his first surreal painting, Le Jockey Perdu  (The Lost Jockey) in 1926, and had his first solo show in 1927 in Brussels at the Galerie de Centaure. The show was reviewed critically, however, and Magritte, depressed, moved to Paris, where he  befriended Andre Breton and joined the surrealists there - Salvador Dalà ­, Joan Miro, and Max Ernst.  He produced a number of important works during this time, such as The Lovers,  The False Mirror, and the Treachery of Images. After three years, he returned to Brussels and to his work in advertising, forming a company with his brother, Paul. This gave him money to live on while continuing to paint. His painting went through different styles during the last years of World War II as a reaction to the pessimism of his earlier work. He adopted a style similar to the Fauves for a short time during 1947-1948, and also supported himself doing copies of paintings by Pablo Picasso,  Georges Braque, and de Chirico. Magritte dabbled in communism, and whether the forgeries were for purely financial reasons or intended to disrupt Western bourgeois capitalist habits of thought is debatable.   Magritte and  Surrealism Magritte had a witty sense of humor that is evident in his work and in his subject matter. He delighted in representing the paradoxical nature of reality in his paintings and in making the viewer question what reality really is. Rather than depicting fantastic creatures in fictional landscapes, he painted ordinary objects and people in realistic settings. Notable characteristics of his work include the following: His arrangements were often impossible under the laws of physics.The scale of these mundane elements was frequently (and deliberately) wrong.When words were painted - as they were periodically - they were usually a witticism of some sort, as in the aforementioned painting, The Treachery of Images on which he painted, Ceci nest pas une pipe. (This is not a pipe.) Although the viewer can clearly see that the painting is, indeed, of a pipe, Magrittes point is just that - that it is only a  picture  of a pipe. You cant pack it with tobacco, light it, and smoke it. The joke is on the viewer, and Magritte points out the misunderstandings that are inherent in language.Ordinary objects were painted in unusual  ways and in unorthodox juxtapositions in order to evoke mystery. He is known for painting men in bowler hats, perhaps autobiographical, but perhaps merely a prop for his visual games. Famous Quotes Magritte spoke about the meaning, ambiguity, and mystery of his work  in these quotes and others, providing viewers with clues  as to how to interpret his art: My painting is visible images which conceal nothing; they evoke mystery and, indeed, when one sees one of my pictures, one asks oneself this simple question, What does that mean? It does not mean anything because mystery means nothing, it is unknowable.Everything we see hides another thing, we always want to see what is hidden by what we see.Art evokes the mystery without which the world would not exist. Important Works: The Menaced Assassin, 1927The Treachery of Images, 1928-29The Key of Dreams, 1930The Human Condition, 1934Not to be Reproduced, 1937Time Transfixed, 1938The Listening Room, 1952Golconda, 1953 More of Renà © Magrittes work can be seen in the Special Exhibition Gallery Renà © Magritte: The Pleasure Principle. Legacy Magrittes art had a significant impact on the Pop and Conceptual art movements that followed and on the way, we have come to view, understand, and accept surrealist art today. In particular, his repeated use of commonplace objects, the commercial style of his work, and the importance of the concept of technique inspired Andy Warhol and others.  His work has infiltrated our culture to such an extent that it has almost become invisible, with  artists and others continuing to borrow Magrittes iconic images for labels and advertising, something that would no doubt greatly please Magritte. Resources and Further Reading Calvocoressi, Richard. Magritte.London: Phaidon, 1984. Gablik, Suzi. Magritte.New York: Thames Hudson, 2000. Paquet, Marcel. Rene Magritte, 1898-1967: Thought Rendered Visible.New York: Taschen America LLC, 2000.

The History of Hypodermic Needles and Syringes

The History of Hypodermic Needles and Syringes Various forms of intravenous injection and infusion have been around as far back  as the late 1600s. However, it wasnt until 1853 that  Charles Gabriel Pravaz and Alexander Wood developed  a needle fine enough to pierce the skin.  The syringe  was the first device used to inject morphine as a painkiller.  The breakthrough also  eliminated  many of the technical difficulties facing those experimenting with blood transfusion. Credit for the evolution of the universally useful hypodermic syringe with its hollow, pointed needle is usually given to Dr. Wood. He came up with the invention after experimenting with a hollow needle for the administration of drugs and found that  the method was not necessarily limited to the administration of opiates. Eventually, he felt confident enough to publish a short paper in The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Review titled  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A New Method of Treating Neuralgia by the Direct Application of Opiates to the Painful Points.† At about the same time, Charles Gabriel Pravaz, of Lyon, was making a similar syringe that quickly came into use during surgeries under the name of the â€Å"Pravaz Syringe.† A Brief Timeline of Disposable Syringes Arthur E. Smith  received eight U.S. patents for disposable  syringes in 1949 and 1950.In 1954, Becton, Dickinson and Company  created the first mass-produced disposable syringe and needle produced in glass. It was developed for Dr. Jonas Salks mass administration of the new Salk polio vaccine for  one million American children.Roehr Products  introduced a plastic  disposable hypodermic syringe called the  Monoject in 1955.Colin Murdoch, a pharmacist from Timaru, New Zealand, patented a  plastic disposable syringe  to replace the glass syringe in 1956. Murdoch patented a total of 46 inventions,  including a silent burglar alarm, automatic syringes for vaccinating animals, the childproof bottle top and the tranquilizer gun.  In 1961, Becton Dickinson introduced its first plastic disposable syringe, the Plastipak.African American inventor  Phil Brooks  received a U.S. patent for a disposable syringe on April 9, 1974. Syringes for Vaccinations   Benjamin A. Rubin is credited for inventing the pronged vaccinating and testing needle or  vaccination needle. This was a refinement to the conventional syringe needle. Dr. Edward Jenner performed the first vaccination. The  English physician began to develop vaccines by studying the link between smallpox and cowpox, a milder disease.  He injected one boy with cowpox and found that the boy became immune to smallpox. Jenner published his findings in 1798. Within three years, as many as 100,000 people in Britain had been vaccinated against smallpox.   Alternatives to Syringes   The microneedle is a painless alternative to the needle and syringe. A  chemical engineering professor from the Georgia Institute of Technology named Mark Prausnitz  teamed up with electrical engineer Mark Allen to develop the prototype microneedle device. It is made up of 400 silicon-based microscopic needles - each the width of a human hair - and looks something like the nicotine patch used to help people quit smoking. Its tiny, hollow needles are so small that any medication can be delivered through the skin without reaching the nerve cells that create pain. Microelectronics within the device control the time and dosage of the medicine delivered. Another delivery device is the Hypospray. Developed by PowderJect Pharmaceuticals in Fremont, California, the  technology uses pressurized helium to spray dry powdered medications on the skin for absorption.

CMG401 MOD 3 CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CMG401 MOD 3 CA - Essay Example As well, the solicitation date remains fixed as stated earlier. Together with that, the numbers of gallons for soliciting purposes also remain fixed. The first amendment to solicitation SP0600-10-R-0208 was in January 20, 2010 at 10:30 am. As well, amendment 3 with the same solicitation number (Solicitation SP0600-10-R-0208) in November 30, 2010 at 10:30 am. In the latter amendment or amendment 3 includes the following changes to the proposal program; The delivery location changes from Baghad International Airport to ORER/Erbil Intl, Iraq for Jet A-1, w/o FSII for 244,800 USG and location ORSU/Sulaymaniyah Intl, Iraq for Jet A-1, w/o FSII for 61,200 USG. The solicitation base reference shall be in October 1 2010, at 1:00 pm local Fort Belvoir, VA time, and not in January 20, 2010, as stated in Amendment 1. The format applied in presenting this information follows the layout in FAR Subpart 12.6. This solicitation is also available in Defense Energy Support Internet Web Site. Solicitation SP0600-10-R-0208 is issued as a Request for delivery, includes terms, and conditions pursuant to the Federal Acquisition Circular. The submission of proposals from interested individuals is before the closing date. Screening program provide all information that is pertinent to purchasing procedures. It also indicates the amendments made for previous mistakes committed in soliciting the item. In addition, screening program must include the summary of the project name, the soliciting number, and the deadline for proposal submittals. For soliciting documents to be termed as enforceable by law, it must fulfill the following: In other words, the screening program in reflecting the soliciting documents must precisely provide the scope of work expected by the bidders. In addition, it must indicate the location of the project, and the nature of the goods for supply. Other

Intorduction to Communication-Emotinal Responses-repost Assignment - 1

Intorduction to Communication-Emotinal Responses-repost - Assignment Example This may affect communication in one way or the other. Further people undergoing vial emotion of stress/depression are more susceptible to affect communication(Flaherty, Mike, and Larry Erickson,p.10). In this case, it can be observed that Paul Sir (the father) and Paul Junior (son) had been involved in constant fight and quarreling. They tend to disagree in almost everything that they do inside and outside their Motorcycle shop. Due to frequent argument and disagreements between the father, Paul senior, and the Son, Paul Junior, they business relationships broke-up. From the series American, chopper it can be observed how the American Junior was influenced by the emotional of anger which intern motivated high to become innovative/creative., Through the emotional of anger Paul Junior become motivated in designing motorcycles that have more features as compared to the one’s manufactured by his father, Paul Senior. Therefore, when working in the situation where I hear Paul senior and junior fighting, I could feel so remorseful because I could not Imagine hearing father and son fighting as arguing. It seems unbiblical and culturally unacceptable (Flaherty, Mike, and Larry

Symbolism in A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams Essay

Symbolism in A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams â€Å"Symbols are nothing but the natural speech of drama†¦the purest language of plays.† Once, quoted as having said this, Tennessee Williams has certainly used symbolism and colour extremely effectively in his play, ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’. A moving story about fading Southern belle Blanche DuBois and her lapse into insanity, ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ contains much symbolism and clever use of colour. This helps the audience to link certain scenes and events to the themes and issues that Williams presents within the play, such as desire and death, and the conflict between the old America and the new. Scene Three is one of the pivotal scenes of the play. That Williams thought of it in this way is indicated by his choice of the title ‘The Poker Party’ for the third version of the play. The scene begins with extremely explicit stage directions, and one will note that Williams intends the stage to be full of bright, vivid colours - to signify the coarseness and directness of the poker players and their surroundings. The yellow linoleum, the bright green glass shade, the blue red and green of the men’s shirts - all are colourful and contrasting, and this is indicative that they are impervious to subtlety and ambiguity, two of Blanche’s key characteristics. She is usually seen wearing whites and pinks, and looking very soft and feminine. This will, on stage, contrast oddly with the colour and brightness around her. Williams uses this technique of colour to signify Blanche’s inability to fit in with her surroundings. However, she is also seen in differe nt colours, symbolic of what she is doing at that moment. She is usually seen in white, indicative of the purity she claims to possess. At other instances, she is dressed in a scarlet silk robe, when she is flirting with Stanley and Mitch. This is suggestive of a ‘scarlet woman’, and draws the audience’s attention to Blanche’s fatal flaw. When on stage together, Blanche’s frilly, dainty clothes are in sharp contrast with Stanley’s greasy seersucker pants, or his vivid green bowling shirt. Blanche herself is symbolic of the old, genteel South, while Stanley epitomises the new generation of working-class Americans; this clash is cleverly brought out by their contrasting costumes. It is also interesting to note that in Scene Eleven, Blanche is dressed in ... ... all the games. Blanche’s fear of bright light is symbolic of her fear of being exposed for who she really is, and her incessant bathing is almost like a ritual cleansing of sins that she can never really purge. Her inability to use the telephone to contact Shep Huntleigh and Mitch is also indicative of her inability to communicate with the other people in her world, which is partly the reason for her subsequent insanity. Few playwrights use symbolism as extensively as Tennessee Williams, and even fewer use it as effectively as he. Even in ‘The Glass Menagerie’ he uses Laura’s collection of glass figurines as symbols, giving insight into her multi-faceted character, and her delicate, fanciful ways. The fate of the unicorn is also a smaller-scale version of her fate at the end of the play. Williams is fully aware of the fact that plays are meant to be staged. His themes and issues are complex, so he uses symbols and colours to highlight events and important issues, thus helping his audience. Looking deeply into his play, we see that not only is ‘A Streetcar Names Desire’ full of symbolism, the play itself is symbolic of the clashes between Old and New, the Past and the Present.

Imperialism Within the Heart of Darkness Essay

A phenomenon, The Heart of Darkness, is a classic novel by Joseph Conrad, who reward individuals with their dark nature. The darkness that the characters face within themselves is the anchor towards the main theme of imperialism. Native Africans, around the early 1900s, were victims of imperialism in the novel. The Europeans saw themselves as prodigies and felt everyone redundant wanted to be like them for they perceived themselves as extraordinary. The Europeans thought so highly of themselves that they wanted to civilize what they perceived the Native Africans to be—savages. Ironically, the process of civilization became imperialism, and the Europeans were the definition of savage while the Native Africans perceived themselves as civilized. Conrad strategically evolved this theme with the narrative of his novel and the various tones and symbols he used revolving around imperialism. These literary strategies and devices led readers to understand the secret of the darkness in the European heart, which was European imperialism. Entering the novel, Conrad has the narrator explain: â€Å"It was difficult to realize that his (the Director of Companies) work was not out there in the luminous estuary, but behind him within the brooding gloom† (Conrad 1). Here, Conrad’s use of pathetic fallacy forewarns his audience from the very beginning that the European companies are working in an unlawful matter (Shmoop.com). The Europeans are vague, and the fact they are working within the dark makes them more malicious. This behaviour leads to having an imperialistic nature because in order to have the desire to take over a race, in this case the Native Africans, one needs to already be in tuned with their dark nature. Conrad includes a second narrator, the protagonist to The Heart of Darkness, who makes a remark to the beautiful sunset over the Thames river in London saying: â€Å"‘And this also,’ said Marlow suddenly, ‘has been one of the dark places of the earth’† (1). For Marlow to reveal a beautiful image of England as being â€Å"one of the dark places of the earth† (1), tells individuals that the Europeans are morally corrupt (Shmoop.com). For the Europeans to do the morally bankrupt task of ‘civilizing’ the Native Africans, whom they acclaimed them to be the morally corrupt, only infers that the Europeans committed an offence to be proven guilty of the false accusation. The offence being imperialism; to be remarked as morally corrupt suggests that they encountered savage-like behaviours against the Native Africans. Therefore, through the narrative at the very beginning of the novel, one can infer that imperialism evolves as the Europeans are justified to have the dark nature to civilize a nation. Conrad sets the tone by casting a â€Å"mournful gloom† (Conrad 1) atop London. â€Å"The air was dark above Gravesend and farther back still seems condensed into a mournful gloom†¦over the biggest, and the greatest, town on earth† (1). This infers that darkness is bestowed on the purity of the â€Å"greatest town on earth† (1). Conrad decides to incorporate a mood-shifter to infer that the Europeans are victims to a form of darkness and that negative events will follow. Since their goal in the novel is to civilize the Native Africans, it is forewarned that they will try to civilize them with dark power leading to imperialism. Another area where Conrad sets a dark, gloomy mood would be when Marlow talks about humans being drawn to their madness hidden within their darkest self. â€Å"The fascination of the abomination—you know. Imagine the growing regrets, the longing to escape, the powerless disgust, the surrender, the hate† (1). Marlow’s words bring out the theme of curiosity; the curiosity of what lies within the darkest areas of an individual. This quote states that humans are fascinated with their abomination because they have not yet experienced it; but once they have, they feel powerless and yearn to escape, but the abomination overtakes them. This certain curiosity of evil and darkness is what reigns over Europe. They are so curious of their own darkness that they themselves get lost within it and become the culprits of imperialism. Thus, through the moods and tones Conrad implants at the very beginning of his novel, he brings forth the coming of events which evolve into the realization of imperialism. Conrad uses symbolism in The Heart of Darkness to heighten the approach towards imperialism. For example, the reader’s encounter with the Accountant of the ivory trading Company in the outer region of Africa. Marlow describes him as an elegant dresser: â€Å"†¦I met a white man, in such an unexpected elegance of get-up that in the first moment I took him for a sort of vision† (16). Here, Marlow enters the beginning of his journey to the heart of Africa, and seeing the Accountant dress beautifully makes him seem like some kind of â€Å"miracle† (16) since their setting at the particular moment is in contrast. The Accountant symbolizes the Company and its excellence, professionalism, and perfection. Despite the blazing heat and his surroundings of poverty, he always dresses well. This is the professionalism of the Company. The fact he immerses himself within his accounting books represents the Company’s excellence and perfection. But although he is a man of perfection, the fact that the sight of suffering Native Africans distracts him and causes mistakes in his work, this symbolizes the room for error in the Company. This is an approach towards imperialism because wrong and unjust actions are seen as ‘errors’ in which the Company is a culprit of. Also, the symbolization of flies and its representation of death heighten the approach to imperialism as well. Ever since the devil is nicknamed, the Lord of the Flies, flies have represented death (Shmoop.com). Flies are seen in parts one and three when slaves, as well as a man named Kurtz, have their life taken away. Since the flies are associated with the devil, this implies that the devil, or the darkness that overcomes Europeans, have a connection with the deaths of human lives. Therefore, Conrad uses different symbols such as the spotless attire of the Accountant and the devil’s flies to inform readers about the imperialistic actions of Europeans. Joseph Conrad uses narrative schemes, sets moods and tones, as well as involves symbolism to approach his major theme of imperialism. He takes readers to the darkness of the human soul, a space which reigns in every single human being. This allows the individuals to take note that they can be greatly influenced by their darkness: creating the ability to carry out unjust behaviours, such as committing imperialistic actions. Therefore, this novel is a great commentary to human error, such as being past culprits of imperialism, and brings awareness to human morality. Works Cited: â€Å"Heart of Darkness.† Shmoop. Shmoop University, n.d. Web. 07 Jan. 2013. .

Review Of The Heart Of Darkness - 1558 Words

Rossane - (Vanitas and Xion) - The Heart of Darkness. Rossane is a shy, secluded individual. She does seem to express slight emotions, but not a lot. However, is somewhat emotionally fragile, becoming deeply upset and angry with the right provocation. She is observant and perceptive. She has a strong sense of justice and generosity, At times, though she can also be an uncaring, cold, and ruthless individual, not having the slightest sympathy for anyone but herself. She holds a great resentment against most people. She also possesses a high degree of arrogance at times. Tuesday - (Rosalina and Waluigi) - A heart with a strongly lighted will. Her hero like demeanor makes her have a strong heart as well as a strong will. With her head in the†¦show more content†¦Although coming off as a coward, he can actually be quite noble at times. Charles - (Sora and Kairi) - The Prince of Heart. Unable to generate a nobody or heartless, Charles has a typically brave and heroic personality, meaning he ll willingly risk his life for people he doesn t even know yet. He is caring, kindhearted and brave. He s extremely loyal to his friends and is extremely forgiving. Charles is a highly optimistic person, choosing to think positively throughout his journeys. He is an upbeat and brash person, and although he is simple minded at times, he has a strong sense of justice. He is also quite caring and reassuring. Charles seems to have a remarkable capacity to forgive, even to his sworn enemies; he seems to make a new attachment to everyone and sees the good before t he bad in them. Charles s bright personality cheers everyone up even in the worst of times. He is loyal, and he can be rather stubborn sometimes. Tye - (Flora and Jakob) - Tye is a skilled butler and always performs his tasks in a timely, flawless manner. He has the most powerful jealousy out of everyone, and he really hates mornings. On top of being great at housework and other chores, he is an excellent fighter. But it wasn t always like this. Just like his brother, Dwyer, he at one point could only fight with a Slappyface Gerard - (Hinoka and Subaki) - Gerard is a self-professed perfectionist, serious and unsophisticated, facts